According to Jude 1:1, Jude (the author of the epistle) is the brother of James (the author of the epistle).
Are these the same Jude and James as found among Jesus' twelve disciples, later called apostles?
If so, why does Luke 6:16 and Acts 1:13 call Jude "the son of James"? [Tyndale's NT; RV; ASV; RSV; NASB; NIV; NKJV; NRSV; ESV; CSB; LSB] Only the Geneva and KJV call Jude "the brother of James."
James is identified as "the son of Alphaeus" (Matt. 10:3; Mark 3:18; Luke 6:15; Acts 1:13).
The only other person to be identified as "the son of Alphaeus" is Matthew/Levi (Mark 2:14).
Why are these two never identified as brothers?
If this Jude and James are the brothers of Jesus, then why is Joseph not listed as their father?
If Jesus' brothers did not initially believe (John 7:3-5), coming to persuade Him to "knock it off" (Matthew 12:46-50; Mark 3:31-35; Luke 8:19-21), as it were, then how could they possibly be listed as disciples in Matthew 10:2-4, Mark 3:16-19, and Luke 6:13-16?
In Matthew 13:55-56, the people asked, "Is this not the carpenter's [Joseph] son? Is not His mother named Mary, and His brothers, James and Joseph and Simon and Judas? And His sisters, are they not all with us?" In Mark 6:3, it words it a little different: "Is this man not the carpenter, the son of Mary, and brother of James and Joseph and Judas and Simon? Are not His sisters here with us?" Would not Matthew's account infer that his earthly "father" was still alive?
Is the James mentioned in Acts 12:17, 15:13, and 21:18 the disciple of Jesus, James the Younger, or is it James the brother of Jesus? The Judas mentioned in Acts 15 would clearly not be the disciple of Jesus nor the brother of Jesus as his surname was Barsabas. Which Judas is the one mentioned in Acts 9?
While Jesus did have brothers named James and Jude, it would seem that the disciples named James and Jude are not His brothers. Matthew/Levi is never identified as Jesus' brother, but is identified as being "the son of Alphaeus" the same as James. Jude is identified as being "the son of James," according to the majority of Bible translations.
None of these three men—James, Jude, or Matthew/Levi—were sons of "Mary the wife of Cleophas." One site I visited claimed this James and Jude were both the brothers of Jesus, but that they were also the sons of Alphaeus or Cleophas and Mary. Where would they even get such an idea?
Christians really need to learn to study their Bibles more closely and clearly instead of engaging in collapsing context, proof text methodology, and eisegesis.